André Rigaud - Revision history

ERBeckman at 21:17, 3 February 2012

2012-02-03T21:17:24Z

ERBeckman at 21:13, 3 February 2012

2012-02-03T21:13:49Z

ERBeckman at 21:13, 3 February 2012

2012-02-03T21:13:04Z

Doe: /* See also */ added link to Lamartinière

2008-04-24T02:56:29Z

‎See also: added link to Lamartinière

Stumax: Reverted edits by TaoudRonno (Talk); changed back to last version by Doe

2007-10-26T21:01:08Z

Reverted edits by TaoudRonno (Talk); changed back to last version by Doe

TaoudRonno at 20:13, 26 October 2007

2007-10-26T20:13:08Z

Doe: added category

2007-10-23T12:57:30Z

added category

Stumax: Reverted edits by 166.127.1.216 (Talk); changed back to last version by 216.194.60.235

2007-10-18T21:10:45Z

Reverted edits by 166.127.1.216 (Talk); changed back to last version by 216.194.60.235

166.127.1.216 at 19:17, 18 October 2007

2007-10-18T19:17:16Z

216.194.60.235: /* See also */ added link to André Rey

2006-06-29T05:16:51Z

‎See also: added link to André Rey

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 Among Rigaud's protégés were [[Alexandre Pétion]] and [[Jean-Pierre Boyer]], both future presidents of [[Haiti]].
-Experience plus flair made him a "brilliant soldier" "[[Schoelcher]] says of him: 'Rigaud was one of those men whose worth is somewhat incomplete and who are unable to reach the heights.  A participant in a revolution of helots who were breaking their chains, his great courage, and his intelligence from a military point of view made him powerful, but devoid of the qualities of a leader he could do nothing with that power.  Furthermore, he did not have sufficient will-power to overcome the extreme violence in his character which never enabled him to be master of himself.
+Experience plus flair made him a "brilliant soldier." "[[Schoelcher]] says of him: 'Rigaud was one of those men whose worth is somewhat incomplete and who are unable to reach the heights.  A participant in a revolution of helots who were breaking their chains, his great courage, and his intelligence from a military point of view made him powerful, but devoid of the qualities of a leader he could do nothing with that power.  Furthermore, he did not have sufficient will-power to overcome the extreme violence in his character which never enabled him to be master of himself.
-Narrow-minded, he never succeeded either in stifling the feelings of prejudice against the Negroes, whom he did not forgive, or against the whites for having the same feeling towards him and towards his class.  He appears to have attributed his distress at having in him something of the Negro to an almost incredible childhood. "He was" says Madiou, "the son of a black and a white.  He was very dark with crinkly hair.  He always wore a wig of smooth hair."  Perhaps, it is true, the smooth-haired wig was connected with his immoderate love of pleasure.  Madiou shows him as several times leaving his army at the beginning of the southern war to go to the coral islands and amuse himself by giving balls.' ([[This Gilded African|Parkinson]], page 57)
+Narrow-minded, he never succeeded either in stifling the feelings of prejudice against black Haitians, whom he did not forgive, or against the whites for having the same feeling towards him and towards his class.  He appears to have attributed his distress at having in him something of the African to an almost incredible childhood. "He was" says Madiou, "the son of a black and a white.  He was very dark with crinkly hair.  He always wore a wig of smooth hair."  Perhaps, it is true, the smooth-haired wig was connected with his immoderate love of pleasure.  Madiou shows him as several times leaving his army at the beginning of the southern war to go to the coral islands and amuse himself by giving balls.' ([[This Gilded African|Parkinson]], page 57)
-By [[1796]], "Rigaud was virtually dictator" in the south, while [[Toussaint Louverture]] held the north and [[Comte de Laveaux|Laveaux]]'s favor.  No Negroes rose above the rank of captain in his army.  ([[This Gilded African|Parkinson]], p. 99)
+By [[1796]], "Rigaud was virtually dictator" in the south, while [[Toussaint Louverture]] held the north and [[Comte de Laveaux|Laveaux]]'s favor.  No black soldiers rose above the rank of captain in his army.  ([[This Gilded African|Parkinson]], p. 99)
 Increasingly, Rigaud became jealous of [[Toussaint]]'s successes and recognition. Seemingly unable to stop himself, he began turning every victory into defeat. After badly losing a final virulent set of conflicts beginning with '[[War of Knives|the war of the knife]]'. Rigaud was ordered back to France.  ([[Beard]], pp.114-116)

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 [[image:andre_rigaud.jpg| right|thumb|180px|Portrait of André Rigaud.]]'''André Rigaud'''  (1761 [[Aux Cayes]]-1811)- Leader of the [[mulatto]] revolt.  Pure mulatto, son of a rich planter father and a black woman called [[Rose Bossy]].  He led a privileged life: educated in Bordeaux and a goldsmith by trade.  Though he had money, he was always inclined towards the army.  "He had joined the colours in France, and had fought in Guadeloupe and for the rebels in the American War of Independence."
-Among his Rigaud's protégés were [[Alexandre Pétion]] and [[Jean-Pierre Boyer]], both future presidents of [[Haiti]].
+Among Rigaud's protégés were [[Alexandre Pétion]] and [[Jean-Pierre Boyer]], both future presidents of [[Haiti]].
 Experience plus flair made him a "brilliant soldier" "[[Schoelcher]] says of him: 'Rigaud was one of those men whose worth is somewhat incomplete and who are unable to reach the heights.  A participant in a revolution of helots who were breaking their chains, his great courage, and his intelligence from a military point of view made him powerful, but devoid of the qualities of a leader he could do nothing with that power.  Furthermore, he did not have sufficient will-power to overcome the extreme violence in his character which never enabled him to be master of himself.

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:13, 3 February 2012
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−	[[image:andre_rigaud.jpg\| right\|thumb\|180px\|Portrait of André Rigaud.]]'''André Rigaud''' (1761 [[Aux Cayes]]-1811)- Leader of the [[mulatto]] revolt. Pure mulatto, son of a rich planter father and a ~~Negress~~ called [[Rose Bossy]]. He led a privileged life: educated in Bordeaux and a goldsmith by trade. Though he had money, he was always inclined towards the army. "He had joined the colours in France, and had fought in Guadeloupe and for the rebels in the American War of Independence."	+	[[image:andre_rigaud.jpg\| right\|thumb\|180px\|Portrait of André Rigaud.]]'''André Rigaud''' (1761 [[Aux Cayes]]-1811)- Leader of the [[mulatto]] revolt. Pure mulatto, son of a rich planter father and a black woman called [[Rose Bossy]]. He led a privileged life: educated in Bordeaux and a goldsmith by trade. Though he had money, he was always inclined towards the army. "He had joined the colours in France, and had fought in Guadeloupe and for the rebels in the American War of Independence."

	Among his Rigaud's protégés were [[Alexandre Pétion]] and [[Jean-Pierre Boyer]], both future presidents of [[Haiti]].		Among his Rigaud's protégés were [[Alexandre Pétion]] and [[Jean-Pierre Boyer]], both future presidents of [[Haiti]].

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 ==See also==
 * [[André Rey]] - A French commissioner and bitter enemy of Rigaud.
 *[[Fort de Joux]] - French mountain fortress in which Rigaud and Toussaint Louverture were incarcerated.

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+[[image:andre_rigaud.jpg| right|thumb|180px|Portrait of André Rigaud.]]'''André Rigaud'''  (1761 [[Aux Cayes]]-1811)- Leader of the [[mulatto]] revolt.  Pure mulatto, son of a rich planter father and a Negress called [[Rose Bossy]].  He led a privileged life: educated in Bordeaux and a goldsmith by trade.  Though he had money, he was always inclined towards the army.  "He had joined the colours in France, and had fought in Guadeloupe and for the rebels in the American War of Independence."
-Among his Rigaud's protÃ©gÃ©s were [[Alexandre PÃ©tion]] and [[Jean-Pierre Boyer]], both future presidents of [[Haiti]].
+Among his Rigaud's protégés were [[Alexandre Pétion]] and [[Jean-Pierre Boyer]], both future presidents of [[Haiti]].
 Experience plus flair made him a "brilliant soldier" "[[Schoelcher]] says of him: 'Rigaud was one of those men whose worth is somewhat incomplete and who are unable to reach the heights.  A participant in a revolution of helots who were breaking their chains, his great courage, and his intelligence from a military point of view made him powerful, but devoid of the qualities of a leader he could do nothing with that power.  Furthermore, he did not have sufficient will-power to overcome the extreme violence in his character which never enabled him to be master of himself.
@@ Line 14: / Line 13: @@
 On July 29, [[1800]], Rigaud, following his defeat by Toussaint's troops, embarks from Tiburon for the French colony Guadeloupe.
-He returned to [[Saint-Domingue]] in 1802 with the expedition of [[Charles Leclerc]], NapolÃ©on's brother-in-law, who sought to unseat Toussaint and return Saint-Domingue to more direct French control. (The expedition also had the aim of restoring slavery, although this was not known to many of its participants.) Rigaud was sent back to France after the failure of the expedition, and for a time was held a prisoner in the same fortress as his rival Toussaint, the Fort-de-Joux. Toussaint reportedly did not know about Rigaud's presence.
+He returned to [[Saint-Domingue]] in 1802 with the expedition of [[Charles Leclerc]], Napoléon's brother-in-law, who sought to unseat Toussaint and return Saint-Domingue to more direct French control. (The expedition also had the aim of restoring slavery, although this was not known to many of its participants.) Rigaud was sent back to France after the failure of the expedition, and for a time was held a prisoner in the same fortress as his rival Toussaint, the Fort-de-Joux. Toussaint reportedly did not know about Rigaud's presence.
 When he boarded the ship that was to bring him back to France after his arrest, in an act of rebellion, Rigaud took his sword and threw it overboard.
@@ Line 23: / Line 22: @@
 ==See also==
-* [[AndrÃ© Rey]] - A French commissioner and bitter enemy of Rigaud.
+* [[André Rey]] - A French commissioner and bitter enemy of Rigaud.
 *[[Fort de Joux]] - French mountain fortress in which Rigaud and Toussaint Louverture were incarcerated.
 *[[War of Knives]] - Armed conflict between Rigaud and [[Toussaint Louverture]]
-* [[NapolÃ©on Bonaparte letter to Toussaint Louverture (1801)]] - Letter in which [[NapolÃ©on Bonaparte]] anounces the sending of an expeditionary force, under participation of Rigaud, to retake [[Saint-Domingue]] from Toussaint.
+* [[Napoléon Bonaparte letter to Toussaint Louverture (1801)]] - Letter in which [[Napoléon Bonaparte]] anounces the sending of an expeditionary force, under participation of Rigaud, to retake [[Saint-Domingue]] from Toussaint.
 ==References==
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 * {{This Gilded African}}
 * {{Vie de Toussaint Louverture}}
-*AndrÃ© Rigaud. (2005, December 5). ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia''. Retrieved 06:59, December 7, 2005 [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Rigaud&oldid=30183729].
+*André Rigaud. (2005, December 5). ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia''. Retrieved 06:59, December 7, 2005 [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Rigaud&oldid=30183729].
-[[Category:Who's Who|Rigaud, AndrÃ©]]
+[[Category:Who's Who|Rigaud, André]]
-[[Category:Military|Rigaud, AndrÃ©]]
+[[Category:Military|Rigaud, André]]
-[[Category:Generals|Rigaud, AndrÃ©]]
+[[Category:Generals|Rigaud, André]]
-[[Category:Rebels|Rigaud, AndrÃ©]]
+[[Category:Rebels|Rigaud, André]]
-[[Category:Mulattoes|Rigaud, AndrÃ©]]
+[[Category:Mulattoes|Rigaud, André]]
-[[Category:American Revolution Soldiers|Rigaud, AndrÃ©]]
+[[Category:American Revolution Soldiers|Rigaud, André]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:57, 23 October 2007
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	[[Category:Rebels\|Rigaud, André]]		[[Category:Rebels\|Rigaud, André]]
	[[Category:Mulattoes\|Rigaud, André]]		[[Category:Mulattoes\|Rigaud, André]]
		+	[[Category:American Revolution Soldiers\|Rigaud, André]]