Jean-Pierre Boyer - Revision history

Stumax: Reverted edits by 166.127.1.216 (Talk); changed back to last version by 160.253.42.21

2007-10-18T21:12:21Z

Reverted edits by 166.127.1.216 (Talk); changed back to last version by 160.253.42.21

166.127.1.216 at 18:06, 18 October 2007

2007-10-18T18:06:10Z

160.253.42.21 at 20:51, 6 December 2006

2006-12-06T20:51:16Z

Doe: added Pétionville

2006-09-22T22:41:42Z

added Pétionville

Doe: added category

2006-07-07T05:21:49Z

added category

Doe at 13:16, 24 June 2006

2006-06-24T13:16:25Z

Doe: added exile in France

2005-12-09T16:41:11Z

added exile in France

Doe: added category and info on War of Knives

2005-12-09T16:38:55Z

added category and info on War of Knives

Doe: added reference

2005-11-15T19:33:18Z

added reference

Doe at 22:33, 10 October 2005

2005-10-10T22:33:17Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-tapasdele
+[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg|right|thumb|180px|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850 Paris, France) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.
-Boyer was the founder of  [[PÃ©tionville]] a suburb of the Haitian capital [[Port-au-Prince]] (in 1831).
+Boyer was the founder of  [[Pétionville]] a suburb of the Haitian capital [[Port-au-Prince]] (in 1831).
 ==The War of Knives==
-Boyer aligned himself with [[AndrÃ© Rigaud]] and [[Alexandre PÃ©tion]] against [[Toussaint Louverture]] in the [[War of Knives]].
+Boyer aligned himself with [[André Rigaud]] and [[Alexandre Pétion]] against [[Toussaint Louverture]] in the [[War of Knives]].
 ==Exile in France==
@@ Line 20: / Line 19: @@
 [[Category:Presidents|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]
 [[Category:Stubs|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]
-JEAN PIERRE BOYER (1776-1850), president of the republic of Haiti, a mulatto, was born at Port-au-Prince on the 28th of February 1776. He received a good education in France, and, returning to St Domingo, joined the army in 17 9 2. In 1794 he was already in command of a battalion, and fought with distinction under General Rigaud against the English. The negro insurrection under Toussaint 1' Ouverture, which was directed against the mulattoes as well as the whites, ultimately forced him to take refuge in France. He was well received by Napoleon,. and in 1802 obtained a commission in Leclerc's expedition. Being opposed to the reinstitution of slavery, he turned against the French and succeeded in producing an alliance between the negroes and mulattoes by which they were driven from the island. Dessalines, a negro, was proclaimed king, but his cruelty and despotism were such that Boyer combined with A.A. S. Petion and General Christophe to overthrow him (1806). Christophe now seized the supreme power, but Petion set up an independent republic in the southern part of the island, with Boyer as commander-in-chief. Christophe's efforts to crush this state were defeated by Boyer's gallant defence of Port-auPrince, and a series of brilliant victories, which, on Petion's death in 1818, led to Boyer's election as president. Two years later the death of Christophe removed his only rival, and he gained almost undisputed possession of the whole island. During his presidency Boyer did much to set the finances an
+JEAN PIERRE BOYER (1776-1850), president of the republic of Haiti, a mulatto, was born at Port-au-Prince on the 28th of February 1776. He received a good education in France, and, returning to St Domingo, joined the army in 17 9 2. In 1794 he was already in command of a battalion, and fought with distinction under General Rigaud against the English. The negro insurrection under Toussaint 1' Ouverture, which was directed against the mulattoes as well as the whites, ultimately forced him to take refuge in France. He was well received by Napoleon,. and in 1802 obtained a commission in Leclerc's expedition. Being opposed to the reinstitution of slavery, he turned against the French and succeeded in producing an alliance between the negroes and mulattoes by which they were driven from the island. Dessalines, a negro, was proclaimed king, but his cruelty and despotism were such that Boyer combined with A.A. S. Petion and General Christophe to overthrow him (1806). Christophe now seized the supreme power, but Petion set up an independent republic in the southern part of the island, with Boyer as commander-in-chief. Christophe's efforts to crush this state were defeated by Boyer's gallant defence of Port-auPrince, and a series of brilliant victories, which, on Petion's death in 1818, led to Boyer's election as president. Two years later the death of Christophe removed his only rival, and he gained almost undisputed possession of the whole island. During his presidency Boyer did much to set the finances and the administration in order, and to encourage the arts and sciences, and in 1825 obtained French recognition of the independence of Haiti, in return for a payment of 150,000 francs. The weight of this debt excited the greatest discontent in Haiti. Boyer was able to carry on his government for some years longer, but in March 1843 a violent insurrection overthrew his power and compelled him to take refuge in Jamaica. He resided there till 1848, when he removed to Paris, where he died in 1850.
 See Wallez, Precis historique des negociations entre la France et Saint-Domingue, avec une notice biographique sur le general Boyer (Paris, 1826).

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg|right|thumb|180px|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850 Paris, France) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.
+tapasdele
-Boyer was the founder of  [[Pétionville]] a suburb of the Haitian capital [[Port-au-Prince]] (in 1831).
+Boyer was the founder of  [[PÃ©tionville]] a suburb of the Haitian capital [[Port-au-Prince]] (in 1831).
 ==The War of Knives==
-Boyer aligned himself with [[André Rigaud]] and [[Alexandre Pétion]] against [[Toussaint Louverture]] in the [[War of Knives]].
+Boyer aligned himself with [[AndrÃ© Rigaud]] and [[Alexandre PÃ©tion]] against [[Toussaint Louverture]] in the [[War of Knives]].
 ==Exile in France==
@@ Line 19: / Line 20: @@
 [[Category:Presidents|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]
 [[Category:Stubs|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]
-JEAN PIERRE BOYER (1776-1850), president of the republic of Haiti, a mulatto, was born at Port-au-Prince on the 28th of February 1776. He received a good education in France, and, returning to St Domingo, joined the army in 17 9 2. In 1794 he was already in command of a battalion, and fought with distinction under General Rigaud against the English. The negro insurrection under Toussaint 1' Ouverture, which was directed against the mulattoes as well as the whites, ultimately forced him to take refuge in France. He was well received by Napoleon,. and in 1802 obtained a commission in Leclerc's expedition. Being opposed to the reinstitution of slavery, he turned against the French and succeeded in producing an alliance between the negroes and mulattoes by which they were driven from the island. Dessalines, a negro, was proclaimed king, but his cruelty and despotism were such that Boyer combined with A.A. S. Petion and General Christophe to overthrow him (1806). Christophe now seized the supreme power, but Petion set up an independent republic in the southern part of the island, with Boyer as commander-in-chief. Christophe's efforts to crush this state were defeated by Boyer's gallant defence of Port-auPrince, and a series of brilliant victories, which, on Petion's death in 1818, led to Boyer's election as president. Two years later the death of Christophe removed his only rival, and he gained almost undisputed possession of the whole island. During his presidency Boyer did much to set the finances and the administration in order, and to encourage the arts and sciences, and in 1825 obtained French recognition of the independence of Haiti, in return for a payment of 150,000 francs. The weight of this debt excited the greatest discontent in Haiti. Boyer was able to carry on his government for some years longer, but in March 1843 a violent insurrection overthrew his power and compelled him to take refuge in Jamaica. He resided there till 1848, when he removed to Paris, where he died in 1850.
+JEAN PIERRE BOYER (1776-1850), president of the republic of Haiti, a mulatto, was born at Port-au-Prince on the 28th of February 1776. He received a good education in France, and, returning to St Domingo, joined the army in 17 9 2. In 1794 he was already in command of a battalion, and fought with distinction under General Rigaud against the English. The negro insurrection under Toussaint 1' Ouverture, which was directed against the mulattoes as well as the whites, ultimately forced him to take refuge in France. He was well received by Napoleon,. and in 1802 obtained a commission in Leclerc's expedition. Being opposed to the reinstitution of slavery, he turned against the French and succeeded in producing an alliance between the negroes and mulattoes by which they were driven from the island. Dessalines, a negro, was proclaimed king, but his cruelty and despotism were such that Boyer combined with A.A. S. Petion and General Christophe to overthrow him (1806). Christophe now seized the supreme power, but Petion set up an independent republic in the southern part of the island, with Boyer as commander-in-chief. Christophe's efforts to crush this state were defeated by Boyer's gallant defence of Port-auPrince, and a series of brilliant victories, which, on Petion's death in 1818, led to Boyer's election as president. Two years later the death of Christophe removed his only rival, and he gained almost undisputed possession of the whole island. During his presidency Boyer did much to set the finances an
 See Wallez, Precis historique des negociations entre la France et Saint-Domingue, avec une notice biographique sur le general Boyer (Paris, 1826).

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:51, 6 December 2006
Line 19:		Line 19:
	[[Category:Presidents\|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]		[[Category:Presidents\|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]
	[[Category:Stubs\|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]		[[Category:Stubs\|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]
		+	JEAN PIERRE BOYER (1776-1850), president of the republic of Haiti, a mulatto, was born at Port-au-Prince on the 28th of February 1776. He received a good education in France, and, returning to St Domingo, joined the army in 17 9 2. In 1794 he was already in command of a battalion, and fought with distinction under General Rigaud against the English. The negro insurrection under Toussaint 1' Ouverture, which was directed against the mulattoes as well as the whites, ultimately forced him to take refuge in France. He was well received by Napoleon,. and in 1802 obtained a commission in Leclerc's expedition. Being opposed to the reinstitution of slavery, he turned against the French and succeeded in producing an alliance between the negroes and mulattoes by which they were driven from the island. Dessalines, a negro, was proclaimed king, but his cruelty and despotism were such that Boyer combined with A.A. S. Petion and General Christophe to overthrow him (1806). Christophe now seized the supreme power, but Petion set up an independent republic in the southern part of the island, with Boyer as commander-in-chief. Christophe's efforts to crush this state were defeated by Boyer's gallant defence of Port-auPrince, and a series of brilliant victories, which, on Petion's death in 1818, led to Boyer's election as president. Two years later the death of Christophe removed his only rival, and he gained almost undisputed possession of the whole island. During his presidency Boyer did much to set the finances and the administration in order, and to encourage the arts and sciences, and in 1825 obtained French recognition of the independence of Haiti, in return for a payment of 150,000 francs. The weight of this debt excited the greatest discontent in Haiti. Boyer was able to carry on his government for some years longer, but in March 1843 a violent insurrection overthrew his power and compelled him to take refuge in Jamaica. He resided there till 1848, when he removed to Paris, where he died in 1850.
		+
		+	See Wallez, Precis historique des negociations entre la France et Saint-Domingue, avec une notice biographique sur le general Boyer (Paris, 1826).

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:41, 22 September 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg\|right\|thumb\|180px\|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850 Paris, France) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.		[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg\|right\|thumb\|180px\|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850 Paris, France) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.
		+
		+	Boyer was the founder of [[Pétionville]] a suburb of the Haitian capital [[Port-au-Prince]] (in 1831).

	==The War of Knives==		==The War of Knives==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg|right|thumb|180px|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850 Paris, France) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.- ''Under construction.''
+[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg|right|thumb|180px|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850 Paris, France) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.
 ==The War of Knives==
@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==Exile in France==
 On February 13, 1843 Boyer fled Haiti to nearby Jamaica before eventually settling in exile in France, dying in Paris.
 ==References==
@@ Line 15: / Line 16: @@
 [[Category:Mulattoes|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]
 [[Category:Presidents|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:16, 24 June 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg\|right\|thumb\|180px\|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.- ''Under construction.''	+	[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg\|right\|thumb\|180px\|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850 Paris, France) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.- ''Under construction.''

	==The War of Knives==		==The War of Knives==

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 ==References==
+* Wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Pierre_Boyer Jean-Pierre Boyer]
 [[Category:Who's Who|Boyer, Jean Pierre]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:33, 10 October 2005
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg\|right\|thumb\|180px\|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean Pierre Boyer''' - ''Under construction.''	+	[[image:jean_pierre_boyer.jpg\|right\|thumb\|180px\|Jean-Pierre Boyer]]'''Jean-Pierre Boyer''' (possibly February 15, 1776 – July 9, 1850) was president of [[Haiti]] from 1822 until 1843.- ''Under construction.''

	==References==		==References==